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Space Rock Impacts
Cooled the Planet
A Columbia University geophysicist believes that space rocks that hit earth thousands of years ago are more numerous than once thought. Such objects can release as much energy as 1,000 nuclear bombs, throwing debris, dust, and gases into the atmosphere, blocking sunlight and temporarily cooling the planet. A team of researchers led by Berkeley Lab earth scientist Richard Firestone recently announced the discovery of evidence that one or two huge space rocks exploded high above Canada 12,900 years ago. The detonation, they believe, caused widespread fires and dust clouds, and disrupted climate patterns so severely that it triggered a prolonged period of global cooling. Full story.
Taking a Step Towards
3-D Invisibility Cloak
Physicists have in recent years made it possible to bend, or refract, light in the opposite direction to any natural materials. These metamaterials make it possible to create invisibility cloaks that hide an object by steering light around it. So far, researchers have created negative refractive-index materials and even an "invisibility cloak" for visible light and microwaves. But they have all been flat, working only in two dimensions. Now Jason Valentine, with Berkeley Lab’s Materials Sciences Division, claims to have made a 3-D metamaterial with a negative refractive index. Full story.
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